CINEMATOGRAPHY

 CINEMATOGRAPHY

 The micro-features, Introduction and shot sizes:

Their are four main micro-features in film studies:

• Cinematography (including lighting)
• Mise-en-scéne 
• Editing
• Sound 

These elements, when combined, give the film a certain "look" or "feel" - this area of film studies is known as the AESTHETICS. 

CINEMATOGRAPHY:

• Camera movement 
• Shot size 
• Camera angle 

SHOT SIZES:

XLS, Extreme long shot

LS, Long shot 

MLS, Medium long shot 

MS, Medium shot 

MCU, Medium close up

CU, Close up 

BCU, Big close up 

XCU, Extreme close up

CAMERA MOVEMENTS:

Pan - The camera can only go left and right.

Tracking - The WHOLE camera is moving with the focus of the subject. 

Tilt - camera mounted on the tripod, pointing the lens up or down.

Dolly - Wheeled device moving on the ground with the camera mounted. 

Zoom - Zoom in or out, camera doesn't move, adjustment of lens. 

Crane - Camera on a crane/drone, moving up or down.  

Static - Camera isn't moving at all.

All these camera movements can collaborate together to create desired target. 

What is the effect of the tracking shot? (The Shining)

The low angle back-following tracking shot is effective in increasing tension for the spectator as we too relate with Danny about what's going to be around the next corner, essentially experiencing it in "real time" instead of viewing the situation beforehand, this heightens the suspense throughout the scene. The low angle shot puts in the same perspective as Danny, conventionally the low angle shot makes the spectator feel inferior as we are not omniscient in the scene. 

In the second low angle tracking shot, the director has used an extreme long shot of Danny on his tricycle far in the distance of the corridor. The use of this shot and camera movement isolated Danny from the spectator and forces feelings of vulnerability for both the audience and him.